Cough

A cough is a protective airway reflex that expels irritants and mucus, yet persistent coughing often signals underlying respiratory pathology requiring clinical assessment. Frequent causes include viral upper respiratory infections, postnasal drip, asthma, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Acute episodes generally resolve within three weeks, whereas coughs persisting beyond eight weeks require diagnostic imaging and pulmonary function testing. Safe relief strategies include adequate hydration, humidified air, honey for adults, and appropriately selected antitussives or expectorants matched to cough type. Seek immediate medical attention when coughing produces blood, accompanies unexplained weight loss, or causes progressive shortness of breath.