Hypertension

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which blood pressure consistently exceeds 130/80 mmHg, increasing the risk of stroke, heart failure, and kidney disease. Most patients experience no obvious symptoms until significant vascular damage has already occurred. Common contributing factors include high sodium intake, obesity, physical inactivity, chronic stress, and genetic predisposition. First-line treatment often combines ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, or thiazide diuretics with targeted lifestyle modifications. Regular aerobic activity, reduced salt consumption, and consistent medical follow-up remain critical for maintaining safe blood pressure levels over time.