Heart Health

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide, affecting the heart, blood vessels, and arterial structures. Risk factors such as hypertension, elevated LDL cholesterol, and chronic inflammation drive the progression of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Early diagnostic tools including electrocardiograms, echocardiography, and cardiac imaging help clinicians identify structural abnormalities before irreversible damage occurs. Treatment protocols range from pharmacological therapies such as statins and anticoagulants to interventional procedures like angioplasty and coronary bypass grafting. Lifestyle modifications including dietary changes, aerobic exercise, and smoking cessation remain essential for long-term cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention.