Apple Cider Vinegar for BV (Bacterial Vaginosis)

While some evidence hints that apple cider vinegar (ACV) might offer modest therapeutic benefits, rigorous scientific trials have not confirmed many of the touted claims.

Approximately 29 percent of women in the United States report experiencing bacterial vaginosis (BV). Some women have no noticeable symptoms, whereas others may detect an unpleasant odor from the vaginal area.

Additional symptoms some women report include itching, a burning sensation, and occasionally an atypical grayish discharge.

Nonprescription approaches to bacterial vaginosis

A 2016 study found that roughly 75 percent of women attempted to manage BV using home-based remedies such as:

• vinegar baths
• douching
• yogurt (taken orally or applied vaginally)
• probiotic supplements
• vitamin supplements
• over-the-counter antifungal products
• antiseptic creams

That study also noted that the majority of evidence supporting alternative BV therapies is of low quality. Most participants said their home treatments were ineffective and, in some instances, aggravated their symptoms.

Using apple cider vinegar for BV

Advocates of natural remedies often recommend apple cider vinegar for BV. Their rationale typically references research such as:

• Vinegar has been utilized for millennia as a cleansing agent and as a remedy for a wide range of issues, from jellyfish stings to metabolic conditions.
• A 2018 study demonstrated antimicrobial activity of ACV against organisms like E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans.
• ACV contains acetic acid, which a 2014 article identified as capable of inhibiting bacterial growth.
• A 2017 report found ACV effective in treating vaginal candida infection.
• Research from a 2016 study suggests lactic-acid-based approaches may have some role in BV management, and ACV contains small amounts of lactic acid.

Vaginal acidity (pH)

As part of diagnosis, clinicians may use pH strips to measure vaginal acidity. A vaginal pH of 4.5 or above can indicate bacterial vaginosis. At-home pH test kits are also available at drugstores or online.

Because apple cider vinegar is acidic and exhibits antimicrobial properties, some natural health proponents advise rinsing the vulva with a diluted ACV solution to ease symptoms.

A 2015 article noted that acidifying the vagina could hold promise for reducing recurrence over the long term.

Medical therapies for bacterial vaginosis

If diagnosed with BV, a healthcare provider may prescribe medications such as:

• Metronidazole (Flagyl)
• Clindamycin (Cleocin)
• Tinidazole (Tindamax)

It’s essential to follow your provider’s directions and complete the entire course of therapy. Stopping treatment early, even if symptoms resolve, raises the risk of relapse.

Self-care to manage or prevent BV

If you have bacterial vaginosis, adopt habits that avoid worsening the condition and may reduce the chance of recurrence:

• Do not douche.
• Avoid fragranced soaps and perfumed feminine products.
• Use mild soap to cleanse the vulva, but do not insert soap into the vagina.
• Wipe from front to back to prevent transferring fecal bacteria to the vaginal area.
• Keep the vulvar area dry when possible.
• Wear breathable cotton underwear.
• Wash your hands before touching the genital area.
• Avoid moving directly from anal to vaginal intercourse without cleaning in between.

The bottom line

Vinegar has long been used in cooking and food preservation, and it’s also valued for its cleansing and antimicrobial properties. Today many people view it as a remedy for diverse health concerns.

Although preliminary findings hint apple cider vinegar may have limited therapeutic roles, robust scientific proof for most claims is lacking. More high-quality research is needed before drawing definitive conclusions.

If you’re thinking about incorporating ACV into your BV management plan, discuss the potential risks and benefits with your healthcare provider before proceeding. For questions about topical uses, skin care, or related remedies, you might also consider resources on apple cider vinegar for face.