The Therapeutic Capabilities of Slippery Elm Bark

Slippery elm (Ulmus rubra) is a tree indigenous to the central and eastern regions of the United States and Ontario, Canada. The tree’s inner bark has a long history of use as a remedy for various common conditions such as fevers, wounds, and sore throats.

Also referred to as red elm or Indian elm, slippery elm is recognizable by its dark brown to reddish-brown bark and can grow 60–80 feet tall. Indigenous peoples harvested its slimy, reddish inner bark from branches and twigs for medicinal uses.

They discovered that when the bark is combined with water it produces a viscous substance called mucilage, which is soothing and therapeutic to tissues it contacts. Native Americans also wrapped the inner bark around meat to help preserve it.

During the American Revolution, American soldiers used slippery elm bark to help treat gunshot wounds.

What Is It Used For?

Slippery elm is used to calm a variety of symptoms.

1. Inflammatory Bowel Conditions

Slippery elm bark is a demulcent, meaning it can soothe the lining of the stomach and intestines and reduce irritation. Demulcents are sometimes called mucoprotective agents.

Some research indicates slippery elm bark may ease symptoms related to inflammatory bowel conditions like Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

One small clinical study reported that a formulation containing slippery elm improved bowel movements in patients with constipation-predominant IBS; however, the bark was only one ingredient in a blend, and no definitive studies have confirmed these results. Another study found an antioxidant effect of slippery elm in people with Crohn’s disease.

Further research is required to validate these findings.

2. Soothing Coughs and Sore Throats

Slippery elm contains mucilage, a sticky mix of sugars that cannot be digested by the human gastrointestinal tract. The mucilage coats the throat, which explains why slippery elm is an ingredient in many commercial throat lozenges.

It is thought to have antitussive properties, making it potentially helpful for coughs and other upper respiratory complaints such as bronchitis or asthma. However, clinical evidence is limited.

A study evaluating the bark’s use for laryngitis, throat inflammation, and voice problems indicated some soothing potential. More studies are necessary.

3. Urinary Tract Irritation

Slippery elm is sometimes suggested for individuals with unexplained urinary tract inflammation, such as interstitial cystitis (painful bladder syndrome). The powdered bark is believed to soothe the urinary tract lining and may help reduce painful, irritating symptoms. Again, clinical trials are needed to confirm or disprove these claims.

As a mild diuretic, slippery elm may also help increase urine flow and assist the body in eliminating waste.

4. Heartburn and GERD

Slippery elm may provide relief for occasional heartburn (acid reflux) and is sometimes used as a herbal approach for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

GERD is a chronic condition that occurs when stomach acid refluxes into the esophagus and irritates its lining.

The mucilage in slippery elm can coat the esophagus and potentially protect against the irritation and inflammation caused by stomach acid rising into the esophagus.

If you have heartburn or GERD, consult your physician. They may permit trying a natural remedy such as mixing 1–2 tablespoons of slippery elm in a glass of water and drinking it after meals.

How Do I Use Slippery Elm Bark?

The inner bark is dried and ground into powder. It’s sold in various formats.

• lozenges
• tablets
• fine powder
  for teas and extracts
• coarse powder
  for poultices

To prepare tea, pour 2 cups of boiling water over about 2 tablespoons of powder and steep for a few minutes. To make a poultice for topical use, mix coarse powder with boiling water, allow it to cool, and apply to the affected area.

As with any supplement, read product labels carefully and speak with your doctor before trying slippery elm.

Safety of Slippery Elm Bark

Slippery elm is available over the counter as a demulcent for soothing sore throats and mucous membranes. However, there are relatively few clinical trials assessing the safety and effectiveness of slippery elm bark.

Although there isn’t enough evidence to conclusively declare slippery elm bark entirely safe or without risk, there have been no reported cases of toxicity or major side effects to date. Because slippery elm contains mucilage, it may interfere with the absorption of orally taken medications and reduce their effectiveness.

To be cautious, take slippery elm at least one hour after taking another oral medication. As with any dietary supplement, check with your healthcare provider before use.

Where to Buy Slippery Elm Bark

Slippery elm bark powders are available at health food stores and online, including on Amazon.com. Here are some examples.

Nature’s Way Slippery Elm Bark Capsules — $12.15 — 4.5 stars

Heritage Slippery Elm Bark Powder for Tea — $12.53 — 4 stars

Thayers Slippery Elm Lozenges — $11.35 — 4.5 stars